Model Introduction
U-87 MG is a widely used human glioblastoma cell line, originating from human glioblastoma multiforme tissue. This cell line maintains the core biological characteristics of high invasiveness, strong proliferation capacity and partial blood-brain barrier penetration property of glioblastoma. The subcutaneous xenograft mouse model established by U-87 MG cells is the most common preclinical in vivo model for glioblastoma research, which is extensively applied in the evaluation of anti-tumor drugs, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and tumor biological mechanism exploration. Compared with orthotopic intracranial tumor model, subcutaneous xenograft model features simple operation, low mortality, convenient real-time tumor volume measurement, and is suitable for large-scale screening of anti-glioblastoma agents.
Model Identification & Detection Indicators
- Tumor volume measurement: From the day of visible tumor formation, tumor length diameter (L) and short diameter (W) are measured every 2–3 days with vernier caliper. Tumor volume formula: TV (mm³) = (L × W²)/2.
- Body weight monitoring: Mouse body weight is weighed synchronously when measuring tumor volume, used to evaluate systemic toxicity induced by tumor burden or drug administration.
- Model success criteria: The tumor formation rate of U-87 MG subcutaneous xenograft model is expected ≥85%. Tumor volume reaches 100–150 mm³ at day 14–21 post inoculation, which is regarded as successfully modeled and available for formal grouping and intervention.
- Histopathological verification: At the end of experiment, tumor tissues are dissected and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining is performed to confirm glioblastoma pathological features; IHC staining can detect biomarkers including GFAP, Ki-67 to verify tumor origin and proliferation activity.
Model Advantages
- U-87 MG cell line is widely recognized, abundant literature data, high repeatability of subcutaneous xenograft model.
- Tumor growth speed is moderate, stable tumor formation, low spontaneous regression rate.
- Subcutaneous inoculation avoids intracranial surgery trauma and high mortality of orthotopic glioma model, easy to operate and suitable for large sample size experiments.
- Convenient for dynamic tumor size monitoring, intuitive for anti-tumor efficacy comparison between groups.
Application Scenarios
- In vivo anti-tumor activity screening of small molecule compounds, chemotherapeutic agents, targeted drugs against glioblastoma.
- Preclinical evaluation of gene therapy, oncolytic virus and nanoparticle delivery system for glioblastoma.
- Research on glioblastoma proliferation, apoptosis and invasion related molecular mechanisms.
- Preliminary in vivo pharmacodynamic assessment before orthotopic intracranial glioblastoma model study.
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