Diseases occurring in bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, and other areas are commonly seen in clinical practice. They can manifest as localized diseases or as systemic diseases. Localized conditions include trauma, fractures, dislocations, deformities, and so on. Systemic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, can occur in the hands, wrists, knees, hips, and other areas. Osteoarticular tuberculosis often occurs in the spine, hip joints, and other sites. Many localized lesions of the musculoskeletal system are treated in orthopedic surgery. Systemic musculoskeletal diseases are sometimes treated in internal medicine, such as rheumatoid arthritis, while others, like osteoarticular tuberculosis, are still managed in orthopedic surgery. Diseases can be classified according to their cause or the site of onset. In general textbooks, musculoskeletal diseases are sometimes divided into two main categories: trauma and bone diseases. Trauma is further divided into fractures, dislocations, and soft tissue injuries. Bone diseases are classified according to their cause or anatomical location.